In a recent show of military assertiveness, China conducted live-fire naval exercises in international waters between Australia and New Zealand, leading to significant diplomatic tensions and disruptions to commercial aviation. The unannounced drills have raised concerns about regional security and the growing presence of Chinese military activity in the South Pacific.
The Incident
On February 21, 2025, three Chinese warships—a frigate, a cruiser, and a supply tanker—initiated live-fire drills approximately 340 nautical miles southeast of Sydney. The sudden commencement of these exercises forced commercial airlines to alter their flight paths mid-air to avoid potential danger. Australian Defence Minister Richard Marles described the short-notice warning as "disconcerting," stressing that the lack of proper notification posed risks to civilian aviation.
New Zealand’s Defence Force also confirmed that they observed live rounds being fired from the Chinese cruiser Zunyi’s main gun. While the warships remained in international waters, the lack of prior communication raised alarm in Wellington.
Diplomatic Reactions
The Australian government swiftly lodged a diplomatic protest, criticising the short-notice warning and highlighting the risks posed to civilian air traffic. Foreign Minister Penny Wong raised the issue directly with her Chinese counterpart, emphasising the importance of "safe and professional" military conduct in international waters.
New Zealand also voiced concerns over the incident. Prime Minister Christopher Luxon acknowledged that while the Chinese vessels operated within legal boundaries, the absence of clear communication regarding their intentions was troubling. Defence Minister Judith Collins reiterated the need for transparency in military operations to prevent unnecessary escalation.
China’s Response
China’s Defence Ministry defended the exercises, stating that they were "safe, standard, and professional" and conducted in compliance with international maritime law. A spokesperson refuted claims of insufficient notice, asserting that multiple safety advisories had been issued to mitigate risks.
Regional Implications
This incident marks an escalation of China’s military activity in the South Pacific, a region where Beijing has been expanding its influence through diplomatic and economic engagements. The unannounced drills not only disrupted civilian air traffic but also underscored China’s capability and willingness to project military power near Australia and New Zealand.
The event has intensified discussions about regional security and the need for stronger diplomatic coordination to prevent potential conflicts. As geopolitical tensions rise, both Australia and New Zealand are likely to reassess their defence strategies in response to China’s growing presence in the Pacific.
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